International Baccalaureate (IB)
Biology
- Cellular Respiration
- Classification of Organisms in Groups
- DNA and Classification
- Kingdom Classification - Animal and Plants
- Groups within the Animal Kingdom - Vertebrates and Arthropods
- Plant and Animal Cell Structure
- Functions of Cell Structure
- Cell Division and New Cell Production
- Specialized Cells and Their Functions
- Understanding Diffusion
- Osmosis and its Effects on Plant Tissue
- Active Transport in Biological Processes
- Chemical Elements in Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins
- Structure of DNA Molecule
- Enzymes and Their Role in Metabolic Pathways
- Photosynthesis and Subsequent Processes
- Features of Leaves and Photosynthesis Adaptations
- Functions of the Digestive System Organs
- Functions of Xylem and Phloem
- Mechanism of Water Movement in Xylem
- Understanding Translocation
- Exploring the Circulatory System
- Anatomy of the Mammalian Heart
- Investigating the Impact of Physical Activity on Heart Rate
- Functions and Pathways of Major Blood Vessels
- Components of Blood
- Immunity, Vaccination, and Passive Immunity
- Features of Gas Exchange Surfaces
- Understanding Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration
- Excretion in Humans
- Neuronal Impulse Transmission
- Investigating Enzyme Activity
- Role of Chlorophyll in Photosynthesis
- Investigating Photosynthesis Factors
- Structure and Function of a Villus
- Investigating Water Pathway in Plants
- Understanding Transpiration
- Structural Adaptations for Photosynthesis
- Body Defences and Disease Control Measures
- Structural and Functional Dynamics of Breathing
- Chemical Equations of Respiration
- Detailed Kidney and Nephron Structure and Function
- Liver Function and Systemic Importance of Excretion
Chemistry
- Reaction of acid with metal
- Reaction of acid with base
- Reaction of acid with carbonates
- Acid dissociation and base dissociation
- Acids and bases (pH scale, strong and weak acids and bases)
- Acid and Litmus
- Effect of thymolphthalein on acids
- Acids and Methyl Orange
- Alkali reaction with litmus, thymolphthalein, and methyl orange
- Proton donors and acceptors
- Classifying oxides
- Exploring amphoteric oxides
- Preparing soluble salts through titration reactions
- Hydration and dehydration
- Precipitation and water of crystallization
- General properties of metals and non-metals
- Chemical properties of metals
- Practical applications of metals
- Composition and uses of alloys
- Analyzing the structural properties of alloys
- Metal reactivity through displacement reactions
- Rusting of iron and steel
- Galvanizing and sacrificial protection
- Metal extraction from ores
- Testing for the presence of water
- Testing water purity
- Exploring states of matter and transformation
- Visualizing change of state
- Effect of temperature and pressure on gas volume
- Understanding diffusion
- Atomic, mass numbers, and electron configuration
- Molecular mass and diffusion rate
- Identifying elements, compounds, and mixtures
- Exploring atom structure
- Relative charges and masses
- Defining isotopes and chemical properties of isotopes
- Calculating relative atomic mass
- Formation of cations and anions
- Understanding ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and metallic bonding
- Constructing chemical equations
- Reaction pathway diagrams
- Identifying and differentiating physical and chemical changes
- Basics of reversible reactions
- Chemical equilibrium in closed systems
- Factors influencing equilibrium
- Factors affecting reaction rates
- Understanding catalysts in reactions
- Collision theory and reaction rates
- Understanding redox reactions and oxidation numbers
- Electron transfer in redox reactions
- Identifying oxidizing and reducing agents
- Exploring homologous series
- Distinguishing saturated and unsaturated compounds
- Constructing structural formulae and identifying isomers
- Naming and drawing key organic molecules
- Classifying organic compounds by name and structure
- Introduction to fossil fuels and petroleum components
- Fractional distillation of petroleum
- Understanding alkanes and alkenes
- Reactivity of alkanes
- Substitution and addition reaction mechanisms
- Testing for unsaturated hydrocarbons
Chemistry
- Measuring length, volume, and time
- Scalar and vector quantities
- Uncertainties and errors in measurements
- Motion (Distance, Speed, Acceleration)
- Forces (Effect of forces, Spring constant, Friction, Circular motion)
- Work, Energy, and Power
- Momentum (Impulse, Conservation of momentum)
- Measuring Temperature and its effects
- Thermal expansion in solids, liquids, and gases
- Internal energy and temperature rise
- Specific heat capacity and thermal conductors/insulators
- Basic concepts of waves (Transverse and Longitudinal waves)
- Reflection, Refraction, and Diffraction of waves
- Light reflection and refraction
- Sound production and properties
- Electric charge and Electrostatics
- Electric fields and field patterns
- Electric current, EMF, and potential difference (PD)
- Resistance, Ohm's Law, and power calculations
- Magnetic effects of electric currents
- Electromagnetic induction
- Circular motion and the relationship with force and acceleration
- Newton's law of gravitation
- Atomic structure and isotopes
- Nuclear reactions and radioactivity
- Fundamental particles
- Energy sources (Fossil fuels, renewable energy)
- Energy efficiency and power generation
- Wave phenomena (Simple harmonic motion, Interference, Diffraction)
- The Doppler effect
- Electromagnetic spectrum and its applications
- Optical instruments and fiber optics
- Special relativity (time dilation, length contraction)
- General relativity and its applications
- Photoelectric effect
- Wave-particle duality
- Uncertainty principle
- Quantum tunneling
- Rotational dynamics
- Thermodynamics and fluid mechanics
- X-ray imaging, ultrasound, and MRI
- Reflection, refraction, and lens equations
- Stellar quantities, distances, and parallax
- Life cycles of stars and black holes
- Cosmology and the structure of the universe